Madison sits about 873 feet above sea level. The Capitol stands on a narrow strip of land with Lake Mendota on one side and Lake Monona on the other, Lake Wingra lies inside the city, and Lakes Waubesa and Kegonsa are just south.
Madison, founded in 1836 and named for President James Madison, is the Dane County seat and home to 269,840 people in 2020. The city belongs to the Four Lakes region, and the University of Wisconsin-Madison is its flagship campus. The Capitol sits on the narrow isthmus, with water on both sides.
Winters here are cold, with temperatures at or below 0 degrees on about 17 mornings a year, and the city averages about 37 inches of precipitation and 52 inches of snow. Summer highs sit in the low 80s. That mix of lakes, lawns and sharp cold drives beetles indoors in fall and gives mosquitoes and ticks plenty of ground in warm months.